Stephen Moyer Distressed Debt Pdf Editor

This book is apparently a must read for distressed debt investors. After reading it I could see why. Its written in a way that a lot of beginners can understand.

And contributions, as this would not be possible without their valuable insights. With that, happy reading! Your EV Editors. Bryce & Brian. Marc Lasry: Chairman, Avenue. You first get into distressed debt investing? Marc Lasry (ML): Well, when. Are great too), and. Distressed Debt Analysis (Steve Moyer). Search metadata Search full text of books Search TV captions Search archived web sites Advanced Search.

A lot of areas have been covered. So a great way to start learning on the subject. On the negatives the first is that its written from thr context of the US legal environment. The legal aspects of distressed investing will differ substantially across countries. The author also had to simplify a very complex subject in order for readers t This book is apparently a must read for distressed debt investors. After reading it I could see why.

Its written in a way that a lot of beginners can understand. A lot of areas have been covered. So a great way to start learning on the subject. On the negatives the first is that its written from thr context of the US legal environment.

The legal aspects of distressed investing will differ substantially across countries. The author also had to simplify a very complex subject in order for readers to understand easily. In reality capital structure arbitrage will be quite a bit more difficult than the examples described.

Main article: The land comprising what is now Jersey City was inhabited by the, a collection of tribes (later called ). In 1609,, seeking an alternate route to, anchored his small vessel (English: Half Moon) at, and, and elsewhere along what was later named the. After spending nine days surveying the area and meeting its inhabitants, he sailed as far north as. By 1621, the was organized to manage this new territory and in June 1623, became a Dutch province, with headquarters in.

Received a land grant as on the condition that he would establish a settlement of not fewer than fifty persons within four years. He chose the west bank of the and purchased the land from the Lenape. This grant is dated November 22, 1630 and is the earliest known conveyance for what are now and Jersey City.

Pauw, however, was an who neglected to populate the area and was obliged to sell his holdings back to the Company in 1633. That year, a house was built at for, superintendent of the colony, which had been named (the form of Pauw's name, which means peacock). Shortly after, another house was built at and became the home of, who had succeeded Bout as superintendent, and whose family would become influential in the development of the city. Relations with the Lenape deteriorated, in part because of the colonialist's mismanagement and misunderstanding of the indigenous people, and led to series of raids and reprisals and the virtual destruction of the settlement on the west bank. During, approximately eighty were killed by the Dutch in a massacre at on the night of February 25, 1643. Scattered communities of farmsteads characterized the Dutch settlements at Pavonia: Communipaw, Harsimus,, Hoebuck, Awiehaken, and other lands 'behind '.

The first village (located inside a palisaded garrison) established on what is now in 1660, and is considered to be the oldest town in what would become the state of New Jersey. 19th Century [ ]. Jersey City at the end of the 19th century Among the oldest surviving houses in Jersey City are the (1690), the Van Vorst Farmhouse (1740), and the (1742). During the, the area was in the hands of the British who controlled New York. In the Major attacked a British fortification on August 19, 1779. After this war, and other prominent New Yorkers and New Jerseyeans attempted to develop the area that would become historic downtown Jersey City and laid out the city squares and streets that still characterize the neighborhood, giving them names also seen in or after war heroes (Grove, Varick, Mercer, Wayne, Monmouth, and Montgomery among them). During the 19th century, former slaves reached Jersey City on one of the four routes of the that led to the city.

Jersey City and Hoboken in 1886 Soon after the, the idea arose of uniting all of the towns of Hudson County east of the Hackensack River into one municipality. A bill was approved by the state legislature on April 2, 1869, with a special election to be held October 5, 1869. An element of the bill provide that only contiguous towns could be consolidated. While a majority of the voters across the county approved the merger, the only municipalities that had approved the consolidation plan and that adjoined Jersey City were and. The consolidation began on March 17, 1870, taking effect on May 3, 1870. Three years later the present outline of Jersey City was completed when agreed to merge into the Greater Jersey City. 1853 to 1859; New Jersey Railroad and Transportation Company original Jersey City terminal: Job Male, six year Superintendent of Construction of the NJRR, 1853–1859, built this complete terminal in Jersey City.

He was designer and builder of terminal, docks, ferry houses, and piers, and possibly the maintenance facility between Washington and Green streets built during his term as Superintendent. Reclaiming the natural river front, which included all that section of Hudson Street lying between Essex and Wayne Streets. He planned and built for the company the old circular-roofed depot, which was 500 feet (150 m) in length and 100 feet (30 m) wide, and which was situated on Montgomery Street where the 1858 Pennsylvania Railroad depot was built.

In the late 1880s, three passenger railroad terminals opened in Jersey City next to the (, and Communipaw ). Tens of millions of passed through these stations as they made their way westward from into the United States.

The railroads transformed the geography of the city by building the as well as several large freight rail yards. The railroads became and would remain the largest employers in Jersey City into and during the early 20th century. 20th and 21st centuries [ ] Jersey City was a dock and manufacturing town for much of the 19th and 20th centuries. Much like New York City, Jersey City has always been a destination for new immigrants to the United States. In its heyday before, German,, and immigrants found work at,. In 1908, the first permanent, drinking water disinfection system in the U.S.

Was installed on the water supply for the City. The opened in 1911, allowing passengers to take the train to as an alternative to the extensive ferry system. The occurred on July 30, 1916, as an act of sabotage on American ammunition supplies by German agents to prevent the materials from being used by the Allies in. From 1917 to 1947, Jersey City was governed by Mayor. Originally elected as a candidate supporting reform in governance, the says his name is 'synonymous with the early twentieth century urban American blend of political favoritism and social welfare known as '. Hague ran the city with an iron fist while, at the same time, molding governors, United States senators, and judges to his whims. Boss Hague was known to be loud and vulgar, but dressed in a stylish manner earning him the nickname 'King Hanky-Panky'.

In his later years in office, Hague would often dismiss his enemies as ' or '. Hague lived like a millionaire, despite having an annual salary that never exceeded $8,500. He was able to maintain a fourteen-room apartment in Jersey City, a suite at the in Manhattan, and a palatial summer home in the seaside community of, and travel to Europe yearly in the royal suites of the best ocean liners. After Hague's retirement from politics, a series of mayors including, and attempted to take control of Hague's organization, usually under the mantle of political reform. None were able to duplicate the level of power held by Hague, but the city and the county remained notorious for political corruption for years. By the 1970s, the city experienced a period of urban decline that saw many of its wealthy residents, due to rising crime, civil unrest, political corruption, and economic hardship.

From 1950 to 1980, Jersey City lost 75,000 residents, and from 1975 to 1982, it lost 5,000 jobs, or 9% of its workforce. Beginning in the 1980s, development of the waterfront in an area previously occupied by rail yards and factories helped to stir the beginnings of a renaissance for Jersey City. The rapid construction of numerous high-rise buildings increased the population and led to the development of the financial district, also known as ', one of the largest in the United States. Large financial institutions such as,,,, and occupy prominent buildings on the Jersey City waterfront, some of which are among the. Simultaneous to this building boom, the was developed.

With 18,000,000 square feet (1,700,000 m 2) of office space, it has the nation's 12th-largest. City Ordinance 13.097, passed in October 2013, requires employers with ten or more employees to offer up to five a year. The bill impacts all businesses employing workers who work at least 80 hours a calendar year in Jersey City. In November 2015, presidential candidate made the claim that 'thousands and thousands' of Muslims in Jersey City cheered as they watched the burn after their collapse during the, and used the unsubstantiated allegation as justification for his proposal that certain mosques in the United States should be monitored by authorities. As seen from Manhattan Jersey City is the of,, and the. According to the, the city had a total area of 21.080 square miles (54.596 km 2), including 14.794 square miles (38.316 km 2) of land and 6.286 square miles (16.281 km 2) of water (29.82%). As of the 1990 Census, it had the smallest land area of the 100 most populous cities in America.

Jersey City is bordered to the east by the, to the north by,, and, to the west, across the Hackensack, by and, and to the south. Jersey City includes most of. Given their proximity and accessibility by to Manhattan, Jersey City and Hudson County are sometimes referred to as New York City's. Jersey City (and most of Hudson County) is located on the peninsula known as, with a waterfront on the east at the and and on the west at the and.

Its north-south axis corresponds with the ridge of, the emergence of the. The city is the site of some of the earliest European settlements in North America, which grew into each other rather expanding from a central point. This growth and the greatly influenced the development of the sections of the city and the neighborhoods within them. The city is divided into six. Downtown Jersey City [ ]. See also: Downtown Jersey City is the area from the Hudson River westward to the Newark Bay Extension of the () and the; it is also bounded by Hoboken to the north and Liberty State Park to the south. Historic Downtown is an area of mostly low-rise buildings to the west of the waterfront that is highly desirable due to its proximity to local amenities and Manhattan.

It includes the neighborhoods of and, which are both square parks surrounded by brownstones. This historic downtown also includes, the Village and neighborhoods. Grove Street, a main thoroughfare in Downtown Jersey City, has seen a lot of development and the surrounding neighborhoods have many stores and restaurants. The station is in the process of being renovated and a number of new residential buildings are being built around the stop, including a proposed 50-story building at 90 Columbus.

Historic Downtown is home to many cultural attractions including the Jersey City Museum, the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad Powerhouse (planned to become a museum and artist housing) and the along Sixth Street, which a citizens' movement is working to turn into public parkland that would be modeled after the in. And are redeveloped waterfront areas consisting mostly of residential towers, hotels and office buildings. Newport is a planned mixed-use community, built on the old yards, made up of residential rental towers, condominiums, office buildings, a marina, schools, restaurants, hotels,, a waterfront walkway, transportation facilities, and on-site parking for more than 15,000 vehicles. Newport had a hand in the renaissance of Jersey City although, before ground was broken, much of the downtown area had already begun a steady climb (much like Hoboken). In recent years, this area of Jersey City has undergone gentrification that has seen the improvement in neighborhoods.

This has also caused a rise of the standard of living throughout the city. Downtown also includes the Newport Centre area, which is also home of the. Prior to the Jersey City had three office towers over 100 meters.

Since then, three more office towers and 10 residential buildings over 100 meters have been completed. In January 2016, the gave navigational clearance for construction of a 79-story, 900-foot (270 m) residential and commercial tower planned by the Chinese Overseas America Corporation, which would succeed the, also in Downtown Jersey City, as the tallest in New Jersey. Bergen-Lafayette [ ], formerly, lies between Greenville to the south and to the north, while bordering and to the east and the neighborhood to the west., Bergen Avenue, Martin Luther King Drive, and Ocean Avenue are main thoroughfares.

The former complex, a cluster of buildings on a rise in the center of the city, has been converted into residential complexes called., which is the largest municipal park in Jersey City, is located along Garfield Avenue in the northern section of Bergen-Lafayette. The Heights [ ] or Jersey City Heights is a district in the north end of Jersey City atop the overlooking to the east and in the to the west. Previously the city of, The Heights was incorporated into Jersey City in 1869.

The southern border of The Heights is generally considered to be north of Bergen Arches and The Divided Highway, while Paterson Plank Road in Washington Park is its main northern boundary. Transfer Station is just over the city line. Its postal area ZIP Code is 07307. The Heights mostly contains two- and three-family houses and low rise apartment buildings, and is similar to architectural style and neighborhood character. View of Jersey City from the northwest. Lower Manhattan is in the background Climate [ ] The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the system, Jersey City has a, abbreviated 'Cfa' on climate maps.

Jersey City is within USDA 7a on the West side of the city and hardiness zone 7b on the East side. Demographics [ ] Historical population Census Pop.%± 3,072 — 6,856 123.2% 29,226 326.3% 82,546 * 182.4% 120,722 * 46.2% 163,003 35.0% 206,433 26.6% 267,779 29.7% 298,103 11.3% 316,715 6.2% 301,173 −4.9% 299,017 −0.7% 276,101 −7.7% 260,350 −5.7% 223,532 −14.1% 228,537 2.2% 240,055 5.0% 247,597 3.1% Est. 2016 264,152 6.7% Population sources: 1840–1920 1840 1850–1870 1850 1870 1880–1890 1890–1910 1840–1930 1930–1990 2000 2010 * = Gained territory in previous decade. Racial composition 2010 1990 1970 1940 32.7% 48.2% 77.8% 95.5% —Non-Hispanic 21.5% 36.6% 69.5% n/a 25.8% 29.7% 21.0% 4.5% (of any race) 27.6% 24.2% 9.1% n/a 23.7% 11.4% 0.5% − 2010 Census [ ]. Known as Little, has the highest concentration of in the. As of the, there were 247,597 people, 96,859 households, and 57,631 families residing in the city. The was 16,736.6 per square mile (6,462.0/km 2).

There were 108,720 housing units at an average density of 7,349.1 per square mile (2,837.5/km 2). The racial makeup of the city was 32.67% (80,885), 25.85% (64,002), 0.51% (1,272), 23.67% (58,595), 0.07% (161), 12.81% (31,726) from, and 4.42% (10,956) from two or more races.

Of any race were 27.57% (68,256) of the population. There were 96,859 households out of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.5% were married couples living together, 18.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.5% were non-families. 30.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.20. In the city, the population was spread out with 21.1% under the age of 18, 10.0% from 18 to 24, 37.6% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 9.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33.2 years. For every 100 females there were 97.6 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 96.0 males. The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 showed that (in 2010 dollars) was $54,280 (with a margin of error of +/- $1,460) and the median family income was $58,533 (+/- $2,116).

Males had a median income of $49,582 (+/- $1,968) versus $43,458 (+/- $1,837) for females. The for the borough was $30,490 (+/- $668). About 15.1% of families and 17.5% of the population were below the, including 28.1% of those under age 18 and 15.6% of those age 65 or over. As of the 2010 Census, Jersey City experienced an increase of 7,542 residents (3.1%) from its population of 240,055.

Since it was believed the earlier population was under documented, the 2010 census was anticipated with the possibility that Jersey City might become the state's most populated city, surpassing Newark. The city hired an outside firm to contest the results, citing the fact that development in the city between 2000 and 2010 substantially increased the number of housing units and that new populations may have been undercounted by as many as 30,000 residents based on the city's calculations. Preliminary findings indicated that 19,000 housing units went uncounted.

2000 Census [ ]. Satellite view of Jersey City As of the, the population was 240,055 making Jersey City the 72nd-most-populous city in the U.S. Among cities with a population higher than 100,000 ranked in the 2000 Census, Jersey City was the fourth most densely populated large city in the United States, behind;; and. There were 88,632 households, and 55,660 families residing in the city. The was 16,093.7/mi 2 (6,212.2/km 2).

There were 93,648 housing units at an average density of 6,278.3 per square mile (2,423.4/km 2). The racial makeup of the city was 34.01%, 28.32%, 0.45%, 16.20%, 0.08%, 15.11% from, and 5.84% from two or more races. Or of any race were 28.31% of the population. As of the 2000 Census, the most common reported ancestries were (6.6%), (5.6%), (3.0%), (2.8%), and (2.7%). Of all 88,632 households, 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living there, 36.4% were living together, 20.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.2% were non-families. 29.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.37.

In the city, the population was spread out with 24.7% under the age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 35.1% from 25 to 44, 19.7% from 45 to 64, and 9.8% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years.

For every 100 females there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.6 males. The of its households was $37,862, and the median income of its families was $41,639. Males had a median income of $35,119 versus $30,494 for females. The for the city was $19,410.

About 16.4% of families and 18.6% of the population were below the, including 27.0% of those under age 18 and 17.5% of those age 65 or over. Community diversity [ ] Jersey City is one of the most cities in the world. The city is a major for and a major at the approximate core of the New York City metropolitan region; and given its proximity to, Jersey City has evolved a globally ambiance of its own, demonstrating a robust and growing demographic and cultural diversity with respect to metrics including nationality, religion, race, and. Latin American [ ] There were an estimated 68,857 in Jersey City, 27.4% of the population, according to the 2013, representing a 0.9% increase from 68,256 Hispanic Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census. Immigrants from, led by, are a growing component of Jersey City's population/ constitute the largest Hispanic group in Jersey City.

While are not as highly concentrated in Jersey City as they are in, Jersey City has hosted the annual Cuban Parade and Festival of New Jersey at on its since it was established in 2001. Puerto Rican American [ ] There were an estimated 27,108 Puerto Rican Americans in Jersey City, according to the 2013 American Community Survey, representing a 5.6% increase from 25,677 Puerto Rican Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census. Asian American [ ] There were an estimated 60,922 in Jersey City, according to the 2013 American Community Survey, representing a 4.0% increase from 58,595 Asian Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census. Indian American [ ]. Main articles: and, also known as ' or 'Little ', home to the highest concentration of in the, is a rapidly growing in Jersey City. Indian Americans constituted 10.9% of the overall population of Jersey City in 2010, the highest proportion of any major U.S.

India Square has been home to the largest outdoor festivities in New Jersey as well as several; while an annual, color-filled spring has taken place in Jersey City since 1992, centered upon India Square and attracting significant participation and international media attention. There were an estimated 27,603 Indian Americans in Jersey City, according to the 2013 American Community Survey, representing a 1.8% increase from 27,111 Indian Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census. Filipino American [ ]. Main articles: and make up 7% of Jersey City's population. The district is home to a thriving Filipino community and Jersey City's, which is the second-largest Asian American subgroup in the city. A variety of Filipino restaurants, shippers and freighters, doctors' officers, bakeries, stores, and an office of have made Newark Avenue their home.

The largest Filipino-owned grocery store on the, Phil-Am Food, has been there since 1973. An array of Filipino-owned businesses can also be found at the section of of Jersey City, where many of its residents are of Filipino descent. In 2006, a pastry shop, one of the Philippines' most famous food chains, opened its first branch on the East Coast in the Garden State. In was named for the Philippine capital city because of the many Filipinos who built their homes on this street during the 1970s.

A memorial, dedicated to the Filipino American veterans of the, was built in a small square on Manila Avenue. A park and statue dedicated to, a national hero of the Philippines, is located in downtown Jersey City. Jersey City is the host of the annual Parade, an event that occurs yearly in June, on its last Sunday. The City Hall of Jersey City raises the Philippine flag in correlation to this event and as a tribute to the contributions of the Filipino community.

The Santacruzan Procession along Manila Avenue has taken place since 1977. There were an estimated 16,974 in Jersey City, according to the 2013 American Community Survey, representing a 4.7% increase from 16,213 Filipino Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census. Behind English and Spanish, is the third-most-common language spoken in Jersey City. Chinese American [ ] Jersey City, highly accessible to in New York City and its by, was home to an estimated 7,437, according to the 2013 American Community Survey, representing a notably rapid growth of 31.8% from the 5,643 Chinese Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census.

Chinese nationals have also been obtaining by investing US$500,000 apiece in new residential. Vietnamese American [ ] New Jersey's largest population resides in Jersey City. There were an estimated 1,947 Vietnamese Americans in Jersey City, according to the 2013 American Community Survey, representing a robust 21.1% increase from 1,607 Vietnamese Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census. European American [ ] There were an estimated 54,626 in Jersey City, according to the 2013 American Community Survey, representing a 2.6% increase from 53,236 non-Hispanic whites enumerated in the 2010 United States Census. Many non-Hispanic whites have settled in the newer developments in the and neighborhoods along the Jersey City waterfront. Ever since the settling of in the 1600s, comprising what is now the of northeastern New Jersey as well as portions of in the New York City metropolitan area, the and, along with and, have established an integral role in the subsequent long-term development of Jersey City over the centuries.

African American [ ] There were an estimated 65,604 in Jersey City, according to the 2013 American Community Survey, representing a 2.5% increase from 64,002 African Americans enumerated in the 2010 United States Census. This is in contrast with Hudson County overall, where there were an estimated 83,576, according to the 2013 American Community Survey, representing a 0.4% decrease from 83,925 African Americans enumerated in the county in the 2010 United States Census. However, modest growth in the population, most notably the growing and populations in Jersey City, is partially offsetting the decline in the city's American-born black population, which as a whole has been experiencing an exodus from northern New Jersey to the.

Arab American [ ] numbered an estimated 18,628 individuals in Hudson County as per the 2010-2014 American Community Survey, representing 2.8% of the county's total population. The second- highest percentage in New Jersey after. Arab Americans are most concentrated in Jersey City, led by, including the largest population of in the United States. There is a notable population in Jersey City.

Muslim American [ ] constitute 4.2% of religious adherents in Jersey City. The growing population in Jersey City and Hudson County includes a significant contingent comprising adherents converting from other religious affiliations.,, and Arab Americans compose a significant proportion of Jersey City's Muslim population. Jewish American [ ] A growing population has been noted in Jersey City, including 3.3% of religious adherents. The 2000-01 calculated a Jewish population of 6,000 in Jersey City. Same-sex couples [ ].

Main article: There were 2,726 in Hudson County in 2010, with Jersey City being the hub, prior to the commencement of same-sex marriages in New Jersey on October 21, 2013. Artists-in-residence [ ] Based on a 2011 survey of census data on the number of artists as a percentages of the population, magazine called Jersey City the 10th-most-artistic city in the United States. Economy [ ] Jersey City is a regional employment center with over 100,000 private and public sector jobs, which creates a daytime swell in population. Many jobs in the financial and service sectors, as well as in shipping / distribution, wholesale and retail.

Jersey City's tax base grew by $136 million in 2017 giving Jersey City the largest municipal tax base in the State of New Jersey. As part of a 2017 revaluation, the city's property tax base is expected to increase from $6.2 billion to $26 billion. Wall Street West [ ] Jersey City's Hudson River waterfront, from to, is known as and has over 13 million square feet of Class A office space. One third of the jobs in the city are within the financial services: more than 60% are in the, 20% are in banking and 8% in. Jersey City is home to the headquarters of and, a privately held money management firm.

Companies such as,,, and also conduct operations in the city. In 2014, magazine moved its headquarters to the district, having been awarded a $27 million tax grant in exchange for bringing 350 jobs to the city over a ten-year period. Retail [ ] Jersey City has several shopping districts, some of which are traditional for their respective neighborhoods, such as,, and Avenues.

Is a major commercial district. Is a regional shopping area. Portions of the city are part of an. In addition to other benefits to encourage employment within the Zone, shoppers can take advantage of a reduced 3.4375% rate at eligible merchants, half of the 6.875% rate charged statewide. Port Jersey [ ] is an facility that includes a located on the in the. The municipal border of the cities of Jersey City and runs along the long pier extending into the bay.The north end of the facility houses the, a rail yard located on a manmade peninsula that was built in the early 1900s by the, in addition to the Claremont Terminal, once part of the operations.

The central area of the facility contains GCT Bayonne, a major shipping facility operated by Global Container Terminals that underwent a major expansion in June 2014. The largest ship ever to call at the Port of New York-New Jersey, the MOL Benefactor, docked at Port Jersey in July 2016 after sailing from China through the newly widened Panama Canal. Other [ ], which had been headquartered in adjacent, opened a new headquarters including a 600,000-square-foot and distribution center in Jersey City in April 2015. In 2014, Paul Fireman proposed a 95-story tower for Jersey City that would include a casino.

The project, which endorsed by Mayor, would cost an estimated $4.6 billion. In February 2014, New Jersey State Senate President Stephen Sweeney argued that Jersey City, among other distressed cities, could benefit from a casino—were construction of one outside of Atlantic City eventually permitted by New Jersey. Art and culture [ ] Notable landmarks [ ] • See • (Liberty Island and part of Ellis Island are located in New York) • • The by well-known artist on is the first memorial of its kind to be raised on American soil to honor the dead of the. • The, promoted by as the largest in the world, sits in Jersey City and faces and Lower (it is clearly visible from in lower Manhattan). The clock, which is 50 feet (15 m) in diameter with a minute hand weighing 2,200 pounds, was erected in 1924 to replace a that was relocated to a plant in.

• The Landmark, one of the five constructed in the 1920s and the only one located outside of New York City, is located in Journal Square. Currently presenting classic films, live performances, and events while the theatre undergoes restoration by volunteers. Museums and libraries [ ]. See also: The Jersey City Free Public Library has five regional branches, some of which have permanent collections and host exhibitions. At the Main Library, the New Jersey Room contains historical archives and photos. The Greenville Branch is home to the. The Five Corners Branch specializes in works related to music and the fine arts, and is a gallery space.

The library system also supports a bookmobile and five neighborhood libraries. Liberty State Park is home to, the Interpretive Center, and, an interactive science and learning center. The center, which first opened in 1993 as New Jersey's first major state science museum, has science exhibits, the world's largest IMAX Dome theater, numerous educational resources, and the original.

From the park, ferries travel to both and the Immigration Museum and, site of the. The,, and the, which specializes in, include permanent collections and special exhibits.

Some stations of the feature public art exhibitions, including those at, and. Hudson County Shakespeare Festival [ ] Since 1992, the has been the resident of performing a free Shakespeare production for each month of the summer throughout various parks in the city. The group regularly performs at (9th Street & Jersey Avenue), (Jersey Avenue & Montgomery Street), and (435 Newark Avenue).

In literature [ ] The American poet described the city as a place where 'the deer and the dachshund are one.' Government [ ]. Further information: Jersey City is governed under the form of municipal government by a mayor and a nine-member city council. The city council consists of six members elected from and three elected at large, all elected to four-year terms on a concurrent basis in non-partisan elections.

As of 2016, the is, who won the mayoral election in 2013. The Business Administrator is Robert Kakoleski. The City Clerk is Robert Byrne. Members of the City Council are Council President Rolando R.

Lavarro Jr., Council Vice President Joyce Watterman (at Large), Daniel Rivera (at Large), Frank Gajewski (Ward A – Greenville), Chris L. Gadsden (Ward B – West Side), Richard Boggiano (Ward C – Journal Square), Michael Yun (Ward D – The Heights), Candice Osborne (Ward E – Downtown) and Diane Coleman (Ward F – Bergen/Lafayette), all of whom are serving concurrent terms of office running from July 1, 2013 until June 30, 2017.

Federal, state and county representation [ ] Jersey City is split between the 8th and 10th Congressional Districts and is part of New Jersey's 31st and 33rd state legislative districts. Prior to the following the, Jersey City had been in the, and the state legislative districts. Prior to the 2010 Census, Jersey City had been split between the, 10th Congressional District and the, a change made by the that took effect in January 2013, based on the results of the November 2012 general elections. The split that went into effect in 2013 placed 111,678 residents living in the city's north and east in the 8th District, while 139,519 residents in the southwest portion of the city were placed in the 10th District. Is represented by (, ).

Is represented by (, ). New Jersey is represented in the by Democrats (, term ends 2021) and (, 2019). For the 2016–2017 session (, ), the of the is represented in the by (, ) and in the by (D, ) and (D, Jersey City).

For the 2016–2017 session (, ), the of the is represented in the by (, ) and in the by (D, ) and (D, ). The is (R, ). The city encompasses three Hudson County freeholder districts in their entirety, while three others are shared with adjacent municipalities. The, elected, is. Are located partially or entirely in Jersey City.

District 1 comprises neighboring and a small part of Jersey City,, and is represented. District 2 includes the and parts of the and and is represented. District 3, which stretches from through to the east side of is represented. District 4 includes,, and portions of and the and is represented. District 5, comprising portions of the Heights and all of neighboring, is represented. District 8 compromises all of, the of and the northern tip of the city near.

It is represented. Politics [ ] As of March 23, 2011, there was a total of 120,229 registered voters in Jersey City, of whom 58,194 (48.4%) were registered as, 7,655 (6.4%) were registered as, and 54,293 (45.2%) were registered as. There were 87 voters registered to other parties. In the, Democrat received 85.5% of the vote (64,052 cast), ahead of Republican with 13.5% (10,120 votes), and other candidates with 1.0% (751 votes), among the 75,506 ballots cast by the city's 133,197 registered voters (583 ballots were ), for a turnout of 56.7%. In the, Democrat Barack Obama received 81.8% of the vote (65,780 cast), ahead of Republican with 16.8% (13,529 votes) and other candidates with 0.7% (584 votes), among the 80,381 ballots cast by the city's 139,158 registered voters, for a turnout of 57.8%.

In the, Democrat received 74.5% of the vote (52,979 ballots cast), out polling Republican with 22.8% (16,216 votes) and other candidates with 0.5% (559 votes), among the 71,130 ballots cast by the city's 119,723 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 59.4. In the, Democrat received 66.5% of the vote (20,421 cast), ahead of Republican with 31.8% (9,784 votes), and other candidates with 1.7% (514 votes), among the 32,347 ballots cast by the city's 139,265 registered voters (1,628 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 23.2%. In the, Democrat received 76.2% of the vote (29,817 ballots cast), ahead of Republican Chris Christie with 18.7% (7,336 votes), Independent with 3.2% (1,263 votes) and other candidates with 0.9% (371 votes), among the 39,143 ballots cast by the city's 120,269 registered voters, yielding a 32.5% turnout. Emergency services [ ] • Due to budget cuts, several companies are placed out of service or 'off duty' daily on a rotational basis.

(JCFD) has 550 uniformed firefighters operating out of 17 stations. • Jersey City Medical Center Emergency Medical Services • Jersey City Police Department (JCPD) dates back to the appointment of watchmen in 1829.

The serve students in through. The district is one of 31 former statewide, which are now referred to as 'SDA Districts' based on the requirement that the state cover all costs for school building and renovation projects in these districts under the supervision of the.

As of the 2014-15 school year, the district and its 38 schools had an enrollment of 30,845 students and 2,389.0 classroom teachers (on an basis), for a of 12.9:1. High schools in the district (with 2014-15 enrollment data from the ) are Academy of the Sciences (2,185; 9-12), Academy of International Enterprise (1,232; 9-12), (261; 6-12), (9-12), (197; 9-12), Academy of Governance and Social Sciences (830; 9-12), (716; 9-12), (9-12) and Academy of the Arts (993; 9-12). McNair Academic High School was the second-ranked public high school in New Jersey out of 322 schools statewide, in magazine's September 2010 cover story on the state's 'Top Public High Schools', after being ranked second in 2008 out of 316 schools. And was selected as 41st best high school in the United States in magazine's national 2011 survey.

Dickinson High School is the oldest high school in the city and one of the largest schools in Hudson County in terms of student population. Opened in 1906 as the Jersey City High School it is one of the oldest school sites in the city, it is a four-story building located on a hilltop facing the Hudson River.

Liberty High School is the district's only high school that focuses on all academics. Among Jersey City's elementary and middle schools is and Frank R.

Conwell Middle School #4, which is part of the Academic Enrichment Program for Gifted Students. Another school is Alexander D. Sullivan P.S. #30, an ESL magnet school in the Greenville district, which serves nearly 800 Pre-k through 5th grade students. The (which also has campuses in and ) has a campus in Jersey City, which includes. Jersey City also has 12, which are run under a special charter granted by the Commissioner of the, including the Mathematics, Engineering, Technology and Science Charter School (for grades 6 – 12) and the Dr. Lena Edwards Charter School (for K-8), which were approved in January 2011.

BelovED Community Charter School opened in 2012 and has purchased a half-acre parcel of land on Grand Street to make room for a new 40,000-square-foot (3,700 m 2), $12 million middle school building designed to serve 240 students in sixth through ninth grades. Private schools [ ] Catholic schools [ ] The maintains a network of elementary and secondary serve every area of Jersey City. High schools administered by the Archdiocese are,, and.

Closed in June 2011 due to declining enrollment. Catholic K-8 elementary schools include Our Lady of Czestochowa School,, Saint Aloysius Elementary Academy, St. Joseph School and St. Nicholas School. In 2015, Our Lady of Czestochowa School was one of 15 schools in New Jersey, and one of six private schools, recognized as a in the exemplary high performing category by the.

In the face of declining enrollment and rising expenses, the Newark Archdiocese closed Our Lady of Mercy Academy (founded in 1964) and Resurrection School at the end of the 2012-13 school year. Anne School closed at the end of the 2011-12 school year after 112 years, as enrollment declined from 700 students in 1976 to 240 in 2010-11 and 188 in the school's final year of operation.

Other private schools [ ]. French American Academy on 3rd Street Other private high schools in Jersey City include First Christian Pentecostal Academy and. Is operated through the York Street Project as part of an effort to reduce rates of poverty in households headed by women, through a program that offers small class sizes, individualized learning and development of life skills.

The French American Academy, at the former St. Mary's High School, is a private bilingual school PK-2 to 5.

Is located in a 3-story building, built a century ago which offers 23 classrooms and gymnasium for physical education or indoor recess. It will open its middle school in September 2018. A number of other private schools are also available.

Genesis Educational Center is a private Christian school located in downtown Jersey City for ages newborn through 8th grade. The Jersey City Art School is a private art school located in downtown Jersey City for all ages. Media [ ] Jersey City is located within the, and most of its daily papers are available for sale or delivery. The daily newspaper, located at its namesake Journal Square, covers Hudson County, its morning daily, now defunct. The is part of group of local weeklies. The Jersey City Independent is a web-only news outlet that covers politics and culture in the city.

The is another weekly published in the city and distributed throughout the county. Another countywide weekly, El Especialito, also serves the city. The is an covering Jersey City and surrounding municipalities. It also publishes JCI Magazine, a print quarterly magazine. The maintains extensive publishing and distribution facilities at Liberty Industrial Park. 91.1FM (WMFU 90.1 FM in the ), the longest-running radio station in the United States, moved to Jersey City in 1998.

-620 AM is also licensed in the city. Jersey City is the filming location for the 2012 series, a spinoff of that stars and living at a former firehouse at 38 Mercer Street at Grove Street in Downtown Jersey City. Transportation [ ] Of all Jersey City commuters, 8.17% walk to work, and 46.62% take. This is the second highest percentage of of any city with a population of 100,000+ in the United States, behind only New York City and ahead of 40.67% of Jersey City households, the second-highest of all cities in the United States with 50,000 to 250,000 residents. Air [ ] • (EWR) is the closest of the metropolitan area's three major airports • (LGA) is in northern • (JFK) is on in southern Queens •, in the, serves private and corporate planes • Newport Helistop Heliport at at Mass transit [ ] Rail [ ].

East Coast Greenway dedication ceremony A part of the, a planned unbroken bike route from Maine to the Florida Keys, will travel through the city. In June 2012, part of the route was officially designated in and over the. Both the and are bicycle friendly. In April 2012, the city initiated the Morris Canal Greenway Plan to investigate the establishment of a, including a, that would follow the route of the to the greatest extent possible. In the same month, the city established bikes lanes along the length Grove Street, originally meant to temporary. In December 2012, the city announced that Grove Street lanes would become permanent and that it would add an additional 54 miles (87 km) of both dedicated and shared bike lanes.

The Harbor Ring is an initiative to create a 50-mile bike route along the,, and that would incorporate bike paths in the city. In 2013, the city simplified the application and reduced the cost for business and residences to install as well as making them obligatory for certain new construction projects.

Hudson County has initiated exploration of a program. Jersey City, Hoboken and Weehawken intended to operate the program starting 2014 but delayed the launch due to lack of sponsorship. The revamped program officially launched on September 21, 2015 as Citi Bike with membership working in New York City. Notable people [ ]. Main article: Sister cities [ ] Jersey City has participated in the sister city program since establishing a relationship with Cusco, Peru in 1988.

Currently they have relationships with 12 international cities, showing a spirit of economic and cultural exchange and mutual friendship. • –, Peru (1988) • –, India (1994) • –, China (1994) • –, Philippines (1995) • –, Israel (1997) • –,, Brazil (1997) • –, Asturias, Spain (1998) • –,,, Italy (1999) • –, India (2001) • –, Antigua (2002) • –, Asturias, Spain (2004) • –, Argentina (2008) See also [ ]. • Speiser, Matthew.,, February 10, 2015. Accessed June 1, 2015. 'Downtown Jersey City, also known as 'Wall Street West,' will now serve as more than just a financial hub for New Jersey.'

• Kaulessar, Ricardo.,, April 19, 2005. Accessed June 1, 2015. • Hortillosa, Summer Dawn.,, May 6, 2014. Accessed July 18, 2017. 'Is Jersey City really the 'Sixth Borough?' The city picked up the nickname for its proximity to New York City and its close relationship with its sister city.' Retrieved July 29, 2017.

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'The seal of the city with the popular motto, 'Let Jersey Prosper,' appears on the cover.' Accessed May 21, 2015. Accessed September 4, 2014. • ^, City of Jersey City. Accessed July 7, 2016. Accessed May 30, 2017.

• McDonald, Terrence T.,, July 16, 2013. Accessed August 1, 2013. 'John Thieroff, 47, formerly a senior vice president at GE Capital and the mastermind behind Fulop's decisive win in May's mayoral contest, will handle financial issues, while Vivian Brady-Phillips, executive vice president at NYC Leadership Academy, will concentrate on social services, according to Mayor Steve Fulop.' • ^, City of Jersey City. Accessed July 7, 2016.

• ^, City of Jersey City. Accessed July 7, 2016. • ^ 2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book,, March 2013, p. Accessed March 6, 2013. Accessed December 21, 2011. Accessed January 6, 2013. Accessed December 21, 2011.

Accessed June 16, 2017. Accessed September 5, 2011. •, Area-Codes.com. Accessed April 1, 2015.

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• Stirling, Stephen., NJ Advance Media for, May 21, 2015. Accessed June 1, 2015. 'Jersey City has gained nearly 15,000 residents since 2010, making it the fastest growing municipality in the state and a symbol of the Garden State's reinvigorated urban core.' • ^ May 8, 2012, at the.,. Accessed June 1, 2015. Accessed September 21, 2017. • Greenfield, Douglas J.; and Hsu, Naomi., City of Jersey City, August 2014.

Accessed November 14, 2016. 'Jersey City was inundated by Hurricane Sandy all along its 30.7 miles of waterfront of rivers and bays.

Flood waters came in from the Hackensack River and Newark Bay to the west and from the Hudson River and Upper New York Bay to the east.' • Ronda Kaysen (February 12, 2016).. The New York Times. Retrieved July 23, 2017. • Accessed July 8, 2017.

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'Development along the Hudson River waterfront led to the development of the 'Wall Street West' financial district, one of the largest centers of banking and finance in the nation.' • Staff., Jersey City Economic Development Corporation. Accessed November 12, 2012. 'Although the 5% population growth in Jersey City during the 1990s was below growth in the rest of Hudson County, the state and the nation, it was a reversal of five decades of population decline. Between 1930 and 1980, the number of Jersey City residents had dropped by almost 30% from a peak of 316,715 persons in 1930 to 223,532 persons in 1980.' •,, February 2011. Accessed November 12, 2012.

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• Olszewski, Anthony., Jersey City History, 2002. Accessed August 30, 2015. • Zinsli, Christopher.,, March 23, 2007. Accessed April 1, 2015. 'New Jersey alone had as many as four main routes, all of which converged in Jersey City. As the last stop in New Jersey before fugitive slaves reached New York, Jersey City played an integral role – by some estimates, more than 60,000 escaped slaves traveled through Jersey City.' • ^ Snyder, John P., Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969.

Accessed July 27, 2013. • ^ Winfield, Charles Hardenburg., p. Kennard & Hay Stationery M'fg and Print.

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Accessed April 1, 2015. • Johnson, Brent., NJ Advance Media for, November 22, 2015. Accessed March 16, 2015. 'Republican presidential front-runner Donald Trump on Saturday continued his call for surveillance of 'certain' U.S. Mosques — and at one point supported his case by claiming he witnessed 'thousands and thousands of people' cheering in Jersey City as the Twin Towers fell on Sept. •,, June 15, 1998.

Accessed November 27, 2011. • Strunsky, Steve.,, December 9, 2001. Accessed April 1, 2015. 'Macy's has arrived on this former industrial shoreline. And with it, at least in retail terms, so has Jersey City.

While hardly Saks Fifth Avenue or even Neiman Marcus, Macy's is certainly the most upscale department store in this city, whose status as virtually a sixth borough of New York has become increasingly obvious as jobs jump across the Hudson, rents rise like skyscrapers and trendier residents look around for places to lighten their wallets.' • Holusha, John.,, October 11, 1998. Accessed May 25, 2007. 'That simply is out of the question in midtown,' he said, adding that some formerly fringe areas in Midtown South that had previously been available were filled up as well. Given that the buildings on the New Jersey waterfront are new and equipped with the latest technology and just a few stops on the PATH trains from Manhattan, they become an attractive alternative. 'It's the sixth borough', he said.'

• Belson, Ken.,, May 21, 2007. Accessed June 1, 2015. • Hudson County New Jersey Street Map.

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Retrieved June 10, 2010. • [ ] • McDonald, Terrence T.,, April 21, 2015. Accessed March 16, 2016. 'JERSEY CITY — Construction is set to begin on a $4.04 million project to add a handicapped-accessible entrance to the Grove Street PATH station.'

• McDonald, Terrence T.,, March 13, 2015. Accessed March 16, 2016. 'Later in the year, 70 Columbus -- which features 545 rental units, 20,000 square feet of commercial space adjacent to the Grove Street PATH station -- is expected to be completed, while construction on its sister tower, 90 Columbus, which will have 630 units in 50 stories, should begin by December.' • Haddon, Heather.,, September 11, 2012. Accessed March 16, 2016. 'A deal to turn an abandoned elevated railway in Jersey City into a park in the spirit of Manhattan's High Line has hit a roadblock, with one of the parties involved balking on a settlement proposed to resolve the decadelong dispute.' • Goldberger, Paul.,, August 2, 2004.

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• McDonald, Terrence T.,, January 12, 2016. Accessed January 14, 2016. 'China Oversea America is behind the project, which is set to include 781 condo units. Originally planned to rise 950 feet and include 95 stories, the newest plans have it topping out at 900 feet and 79 stories.' • Hampson, Rick.,, April 16, 2007. Accessed December 21, 2011.

'This was the former Jersey City Medical Center, a cluster of Art Deco buildings on a rise in the center of the city, far from the booming waterfront. Now the medical center was becoming The Beacon condominium complex, one of the nation's largest historic renovation projects.' •, Jersey City Redevelopment Agency. Accessed December 21, 2011. •, Weatherbase. Accessed March 16, 2016.

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Population on 1840 of 3,033 is listed, 39 less than shown in other sources. • Raum, John O., p. Potter and company, 1877. Accessed July 27, 2013. 'Jersey City is divided into sixteen wards and contained in 1850 a population of 6,856; in 1860, 29,226; and in 1870, 82,546.

The population of this city has increased with wonderful rapidity having more than trebled within the last decade.' Armstrong, 1853. Accessed July 27, 2013. Accessed July 27, 2013. • Porter, Robert Percival., p. Accessed July 27, 2013. Accessed July 27, 2013.

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34 • ^ Wirstiuk, Laryssa., Jersey City Independent, April 21, 2014. Accessed July 8, 2015. 'India Square, for example, is situated between John F.

Kennedy Boulevard and Tonnelle Avenue on Newark Ave., and is home to the highest concentration of Asian Indians in the Western Hemisphere.' Accessed July 27, 2013. • Hayes, Melissa.,, January 5, 2010. Accessed July 8, 2015. • Hunger, Matt., Jersey City Independent, June 16, 2011.

Accessed July 8, 2015. • McDonald, Terrence T.,, June 16, 2011. Accessed July 8, 2015. 'Jersey City is spending $25,000 to hire an outside consultant to help it challenge recent U.S. Census figures that city officials believe underestimate the city's total population. The city feels it has been undercounted by as many as 30,000 residents, said city spokeswoman Jennifer Morrill.' • Hunger, Matt., Jersey City Independent, September 1, 2011.

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Accessed March 16, 2016. 'The salsa music was so loud they probably could have heard it across the river in Manhattan.

Such was the atmosphere at the 15th annual Cuban festival at Exchange Place this afternoon on the Jersey City waterfront.' • October 15, 2013, at the., accessed July 26, 2006 • Rogoza, Rafal.,, March 30, 2013, updated March 31, 2013.

Accessed July 6, 2015. 'The 29-year-old Princeton Avenue resident was one of the thousands of people who descended on Lincoln Park in Jersey City this afternoon for the 21st Annual Phagwah Parade and Holi Hai Day festivities, a colorful Hindu spring harvest tradition that is celebrated by revelers who playfully shower each other with various colors of organic powder.' • Speiser, Matthew.,, March 29, 2015.

Accessed November 14, 2016. •, Filipino-Americans in Jersey City.

Accessed June 28, 2017. • Silvestre, Edmund M.,, March 2, 2014. Accessed November 14, 2016. 'For four decades now, Phil-Am Food, the largest Filipino-owned grocery store on the U.S. East Coast, has served as a bastion of vibrant Filipino community here as it consistently provides patrons a sense of being 'back home' with its extensive array of Philippine food products no other Pinoy store in this coast can match.' Retrieved September 23, 2015. • Nash, Margo.,, May 1, 2005.

Accessed June 28, 2017. 'The Knights made an agreement five years ago with Bret Schundler, who was mayor then, allowing them to lease a street corner at Columbus Drive and Brunswick Street for 20 years at $1 a year to build tiny Rizal Park with a statue of Rizal (1861-1896). The city paid for the upkeep, the Knights paid for the monument and insurance. Each year since then the Knights have held ceremonies at the park on June 19 to mark Rizal's birth.' • Kowsh, Kate.,, May 29, 2011. Accessed August 30, 2015. • Stirling, Stephen., NJ Adavance Media for, November 14, 2016.

Accessed November 14, 2016. 'When divided up by language, rather than region, a clearer picture emerges of the patchwork of immigrant communities represented in Jersey City. Wile English and Spanish are the top two languages spoken here, Tagalog, a Filipino dialect, is third. • Bradsher, Keith; Tang, Ailin; and Drucker, Jesse.,, May 7, 2017. Accessed June 28, 2017.

'At the event in Beijing, Mr. Kushner's sister, Nicole Meyer, cited her brother's service to the company, which he led as chief executive until January. She said the project in Jersey City 'means a lot to me and my entire family.' Accessed January 14, 2016. Accessed August 30, 2015. • Schmidt, Margaret.,, February 15, 2009. Accessed August 30, 2015.

• Duffy, Peter.,, February 5, 2008. Accessed August 30, 2015. • Sheingold, Dave.,, February 20, 2011. Accessed August 30, 2015. Accessed June 28, 2017.

Accessed June 28, 2017. • Cusido, Carmen.,, February 8, 2010. Accessed June 28, 2017. • Speiser, Matthew.,, September 23, 2014. Accessed November 14, 2016. 'We are so excited because of the influx of people,' said Rabbi Deborah Hachen of Temple Beth-El in Jersey City. 'We have 20-plus new households joining us for our service this year.'

Accessed November 14, 2016. • Staff., Out in Jersey, March 16, 2014. Accessed July 18, 2017. 'Essex County leads with the most same-sex couples households at 2,819 with Hudson County close behind at 2,726.' • MELISSA HAYES, KIBRET MARKOS, CHRIS HARRIS AND SCOTT FALLON (October 21, 2013)..

North Jersey Media Group. Archived from on February 9, 2014. Retrieved May 14, 2015. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list () • Carroll, Brendan., Jersey City Independent, December 21, 2011. Accessed July 18, 2017.

'Jersey City is the tenth most artistic city in the United States, according to a recent ranking by The Atlantic magazine. Richard Florida, the senior editor of The Atlantic, used data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey to rank cities based on the number of artists who live there compared to the overall population.' • Florida, Richard.,, November 30, 2011. Accessed July 18, 2017. • ^, City of Jersey City, August 2014. Accessed July 18, 2017.

'Jersey City is home to a waterfront regional employment center known as 'Wall Street West,' with 13.3 million square feet of Class A office space located in flood zones. It also has a major shipping port, and sizable manufacturing, wholesale, retail and service sectors. It is an economic engine for the state, and its daytime population swells with visitors and jobs. According the U.S. Census Bureau, there were 108,914 public and private sector jobs in Jersey City at the beginning of the second quarter in 2011.'

•, City of Jersey City, March 22, 2017. Accessed July 18, 2017. 'In 2017, the tax base, or ratable base, grew in Jersey City by $136 million due to Fulop Administration policies encouraging economic investment throughout the city. In four years, the tax base has grown by $415 million, with Jersey City having the largest municipal tax base in the state.' • McDonald, Terrence T.,, April 21, 2017. Accessed July 18, 2017. 'When the reval is complete, city officials expect the city's taxable property base to rise in value to about $26 billion from its current $6.2 billion.'

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Accessed June 16, 2016. Accessed June 28, 2017. 'New Jersey City University provides students the best of many worlds: small classes led by world-class faculty mentors, a broad array of high-quality undergraduate and graduate degree programs, and the lowest tuition offered by a four-year public university in the state of New Jersey—all on a thriving campus in bustling, cosmopolitan Jersey City.' Accessed June 28, 2017. Accessed June 28, 2017.

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Dickinson High School, the first public secondary school in Jersey City. When it opened in 1906, Dickinson had a 2,000-seat auditorium used not just for school functions but for political debates, plays and concerts.' •, Jersey City Public Schools. Accessed November 14, 2016. Accessed November 16, 2011. • Staff.,, January 19, 2011. Accessed November 16, 2011.

• Ojutiku, Max.,, April 21, 2016. Accessed November 14, 2016. 'A Jersey City charter school has purchased a half-acre parcel of land on Grand Street to make room for its new $12 million middle school. The BelovED Community Charter School's new school building at 535 Grand St. Will be 40,000 square feet and serve 240 students in sixth through ninth grades, according to Bret Schundler, a former Jersey City mayor and the Commissioner of Education for New Jersey who serves as chairman of the BelovED Community Charter School Foundation.'

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Accessed September 2, 2011. 'Parents, students and staff at St. Mary High School in Jersey City remained stunned yesterday by Monday's news that the school is closing at the end of June. Mary will graduate 72 seniors in June, which would have put the school's enrollment at 93 among the remaining classes. Ten years ago, St.

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'Fifteen New Jersey schools have been recognized by the federal government as National Blue Ribbon Schools, a designation that celebrates excellence in academics or progress in closing the achievement gap among groups of students. Each of the 15 New Jersey schools was chosen for the 'exemplary high performing' category, which weighs state or national tests, high school graduation rates and the performance of subgroups of students, such as those who are economically disadvantaged.' • Conte, Michaelangelo.,, April 13, 2013. Accessed November 14, 2016. 'Our Lady of Mercy Academy in Jersey City will close at the end of the 2012-2013 school year. The pre-K through eighth grade school on Bartholdi Avenue opened its doors in 1964. The closures of OLM and Resurrection School at the end of the school year will leave Jersey City with just five Catholic grammar schools.'

• Scrivner, Michael.,, June 12, 2012. Accessed November 14, 2016. 'The 112-year-old school at Kennedy Boulevard and Congress Street will close its doors for good on Thursday due to rising debt and declining enrollment, school officials said. At its peak in 1976, the school had more than 700 students. This school year, there were 188 students, down from 240 last year.'

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